Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCO) are one of the most essential building blocks in phase-locked loops and frequency synthesizers, which are required in all data communication and telecommunication systems for generating highly accurate timing reference sources. However, existing VCOs need a suppl.....
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Flue gases produced in combustion processes, such as coal-fired power plants, automobiles, smelters, etc., contains huge amount of nitrogen and sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide and particulates. They contribute significantly to atmospheric pollution and some of them are stringently controlled by legis.....
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In modern wireless communication systems, the receiver is to recover with high sensitivity and accuracy baseband signal data or messages, which have been transmitted or broadcasted by way of modulation on a radio frequency (RF) carrier. However, these conventional high frequency receivers comprise a.....
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