肠易激综合征 （IBS）是一种痛苦而又难以治愈的胃肠功能紊乱性疾患，临床表现为腹痛、腹胀、排便习惯和大便性状异常。这是一种持续存在或间歇发作、缺乏形态学和生化学异常改变的症候群。多见于中青年，女性约为男性的2倍。流行医学研究表明，美国有14%的成年男人和27%的成年妇女发生有IBS症状。在香港也约有13%的成年男人和21%的成年妇女有IBS症状。 IBS是普通科和肠胃专科门诊最常见病种之一。到目前为止，IBS的临床治疗，包括有多种治疗方法，如传统的化学药物、饮食调节、心理咨询等等，但是，至今尚没有十分有效以及根治的方法。鲁比前列酮、阿洛司琼、颅痛定、泻痢停等都是常用的、疗效比较显著的西方药物，.....
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This new technology is very important for manufacturing industries such as thin film, electronic and optical devices, and solar panels. The present patent application is directed to a method and an apparatus for measuring the amount of material removed from a target in pulsed laser ablation.
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The technology aims at authenticating artwork, such as a painting by analyzing the elemental composition of the pigments. Lasers are used to analyze the pigments on the substrate via the vaporization of a small amount of the pigment (i.e. nano grams) by a laser pulse. The dense and exploding vapor.....
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